{"id":148,"date":"2024-11-14T16:41:31","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T16:41:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/?p=148"},"modified":"2024-11-30T17:14:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-30T17:14:16","slug":"how-to-say-what-in-japanese-and-other-question-words","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/how-to-say-what-in-japanese-and-other-question-words\/","title":{"rendered":"How to say &#8216;What&#8217; in Japanese and other question words"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Learning to ask questions in Japanese is a foundational skill for beginners, especially when trying to navigate everyday situations. Understanding how to say &#8220;What&#8221; in Japanese, along with other essential question words, can help you ask for directions, clarify details, and connect with others more deeply. In this guide, we\u2019ll look at the various ways to ask &#8220;What&#8221; in Japanese, explore related phrases, and introduce other question words. By the end of this article, you\u2019ll have a strong understanding of how to ask questions politely and naturally in Japanese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">1. &#8220;What&#8221; in Japanese<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kanji.mochidemy.com\/en\/learn\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"1104\" src=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/what-in-japanese.webp\" alt=\"What in Japanese\n\" class=\"wp-image-150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/what-in-japanese.webp 736w, https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/what-in-japanese-365x548.webp 365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>What in Japanese<br><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Japanese word for &#8220;What&#8221; is <strong>\u4f55 (nani)<\/strong>, a character commonly used in everyday questions. The pronunciation and use of <strong>\u4f55<\/strong> can change depending on the sentence structure and context, so it\u2019s important to understand when to use <strong>nani<\/strong> versus <strong>nan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How to Use &#8220;\u4f55&#8221; (nani) Alone<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In informal situations, <strong>nani<\/strong> can be used by itself to ask, &#8220;What?&#8221; This is a common expression when you\u2019re surprised or confused, and it\u2019s primarily used with people you know well, such as friends or family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f55? (Nani?) \u2013 &#8220;What?&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind, this usage is very casual, so it\u2019s not recommended for use in formal situations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&#8220;Nani&#8221; vs &#8220;Nan&#8221;: The rule of sound changes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In many sentences, &#8220;nani&#8221; changes to &#8220;nan&#8221; based on the word that follows. This change is primarily due to the need for smoother pronunciation and to fit the natural flow of the language. Generally, &#8220;nani&#8221; becomes &#8220;nan&#8221; when followed by \u3067\u3059\u304b (desu ka) or certain verbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>a. \u306a\u3093 (nan)<\/strong> is used in the following cases:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When the following word begins with sounds in the \u300c\u305f\u300d (ta), \u300c\u3060\u300d (da), or \u300c\u306a\u300d (na) rows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Kore wa nan desu ka?) &#8211; <em>What is this?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When it is followed by a counting suffix.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306b\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u306f\u306a\u3093\u306b\u3093\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Kono kurasu ni gaikokujin ga nan nin imasu ka?) &#8211; <em>How many foreigners are there in this class?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>b. \u306a\u306b (nani)<\/strong> is used in all other cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u4f55\u3092\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Nani o tabemasu ka?) &#8211; &#8220;What will you eat?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using &#8220;nan&#8221; instead of &#8220;nani&#8221; in these specific cases helps make the question sound more natural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">2. Practical phrases using &#8220;what&#8221; in Japanese<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s look at some common phrases involving &#8220;What&#8221; that you\u2019re likely to use in Japanese:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What is this? \u2013 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Kore wa nan desu ka?)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is the standard way to ask about an unfamiliar object. It\u2019s polite and direct, making it useful in both formal and informal settings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>: You\u2019re at a Japanese restaurant and see a dish you don\u2019t recognize. You can ask, <strong>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b?<\/strong> (&#8220;What is this?&#8221;).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What is that? \u2013 \u3042\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Are wa nan desu ka?)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use <strong>\u3042\u308c (are)<\/strong> when referring to something that\u2019s far from both you and the person you\u2019re talking to.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>: If you see a statue in the distance and want to know what it is, you can ask, <strong>\u3042\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What do you want? \u2013 \u4f55\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Nani ga hoshii desu ka?)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This phrase is commonly used when offering someone a choice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Example<\/strong>: If you\u2019re shopping with a friend and want to know what they want, you can ask, <strong>\u4f55\u304c\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These expressions give you a flexible way to ask about different things in Japanese while keeping the conversation polite and natural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">3. Understanding &#8220;\u4f55\u304b&#8221; (Nani ka) for &#8220;something&#8221; and &#8220;anything&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The phrase <strong>\u4f55\u304b (nani ka)<\/strong> translates to &#8220;something&#8221; or &#8220;anything,&#8221; and it\u2019s frequently used when you want to be vague or allow for a general answer. It\u2019s particularly useful when offering something without specifying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f55\u304b\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Nani ka nomimasu ka?)<\/strong> &#8211; &#8220;Would you like something to drink?&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, <strong>\u4f55\u304b<\/strong> adds flexibility, allowing the listener to respond with any choice they prefer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Differentiating between &#8220;anything&#8221; and &#8220;nothing&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f55\u3082 (nanimo)<\/strong> means &#8220;nothing&#8221; when used in a negative sentence. For example:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f55\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093 (Nanimo arimasen)<\/strong> &#8211; &#8220;There\u2019s nothing.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This small change helps you navigate both positive and negative answers in Japanese more naturally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">4. Essential Japanese question words beyond &#8220;what&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kanji.mochidemy.com\/en\/learn\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"1104\" src=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/basic-question-in-japanese.webp\" alt=\"what in japanese\" class=\"wp-image-152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/basic-question-in-japanese.webp 736w, https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/basic-question-in-japanese-365x548.webp 365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Basic questions in Japanese<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In Japanese, mastering additional question words can significantly expand your conversational abilities. Here\u2019s a breakdown of the most important question words and their uses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>English<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Japanese<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Romaji<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Example&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What<\/td><td>\u4f55<\/td><td>Nani\/Nan<\/td><td><strong>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Kore wa nan desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 What is this?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Who<\/td><td>\u8ab0<\/td><td>Dare<\/td><td><strong>\u8ab0\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Dare desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 Who is it?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Where<\/td><td>\u3069\u3053<\/td><td>Doko<\/td><td><strong>\u30c8\u30a4\u30ec\u306f\u3069\u3053\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Toire wa doko desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 Where is the bathroom?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>When<\/td><td>\u3044\u3064<\/td><td>Itsu<\/td><td><strong>\u3044\u3064\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Itsu ikimasu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 When will you go?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Why<\/td><td>\u306a\u305c\/\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066<\/td><td>Naze\/Doushite<\/td><td><strong>\u306a\u305c\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Naze desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 Why is that?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>How<\/td><td>\u3069\u3046<\/td><td>Dou<\/td><td><strong>\u3069\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u884c\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Dou yatte ikimasu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 How will you go?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>How much<\/td><td>\u3044\u304f\u3089<\/td><td>Ikura<\/td><td><strong>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Kore wa ikura desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 How much is this?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Knowing these question words can help you ask more specific questions and explore a wider variety of topics in Japanese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">5. Contextual examples of &#8220;what&#8221; and other question words in conversations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Seeing question words in action can help reinforce your understanding. Here are some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Example 1: Asking about objects<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Person A: \u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Kore wa nan desu ka?) \u2013 &#8220;What is this?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Person B: \u305d\u308c\u306f\u304a\u8336\u3067\u3059 (Sore wa ocha desu) \u2013 &#8220;That is tea.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Example 2: Showing curiosity or surprise<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Person A: \u6628\u65e5\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b? (Kinou nani o shimashita ka?) \u2013 &#8220;What did you do yesterday?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Person B: \u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u307e\u3057\u305f (Eiga o mimashita) \u2013 &#8220;I watched a movie.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Example 3: Offering options or choices<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Person A: \u4f55\u3092\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Nani o tabetai desu ka?) \u2013 &#8220;What do you want to eat?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Person B: \u30ab\u30ec\u30fc\u304c\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059 (Karee ga tabetai desu) \u2013 &#8220;I want to eat curry.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">6. Cultural insights: Asking questions politely in Japanese<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Politeness is central to Japanese culture, and this applies to asking questions too. When asking &#8220;What?&#8221; or any other question, especially in formal settings, it\u2019s common to add polite phrases like <strong>\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093 (sumimasen)<\/strong> or <strong>\u5931\u793c\u3057\u307e\u3059 (shitsurei shimasu)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u3059\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b? (Sumimasen, kore wa nan desu ka?)<\/strong> \u2013 &#8220;Excuse me, what is this?&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Adding polite expressions can help avoid misunderstandings and ensure that your questions are received warmly, reflecting respect and sensitivity to Japanese cultural norms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">7. Common mistakes with &#8220;what&#8221; in Japanese and how to avoid them<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When learning how to say &#8220;What&#8221; in Japanese, it\u2019s easy to make mistakes. Here are some common pitfalls and tips to avoid them:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Using &#8220;\u4f55&#8221; (nani) Incorrectly<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Beginners sometimes use <strong>nani<\/strong> in contexts where <strong>nan<\/strong> is required. Always double-check if <strong>\u4f55<\/strong> needs to be changed based on the word that follows, especially <strong>\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong> or verbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Skipping Politeness Markers<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Japanese places great importance on politeness. Make sure to add <strong>\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong> at the end of questions, especially with people you don\u2019t know well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Direct Translations from English<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>Avoid directly translating English phrases into Japanese, as this can create awkward sentences. For example, &#8220;What are you doing?&#8221; should be <strong>\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b? (Nani o shiteimasu ka?)<\/strong> instead of <strong>\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f55\u3092?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By paying attention to these tips, you\u2019ll sound more natural when asking questions in Japanese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kanji.mochidemy.com\/en\/learn\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1278\" height=\"852\" src=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/learn-japanese-question-with-MochiKanji.webp\" alt=\"what in japanese\" class=\"wp-image-153\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/learn-japanese-question-with-MochiKanji.webp 1278w, https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/learn-japanese-question-with-MochiKanji-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/learn-japanese-question-with-MochiKanji-365x243.webp 365w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1278px) 100vw, 1278px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>For a more interactive experience, try using <strong>MochiKanji<\/strong> to reinforce these question words through <strong>flashcards with sound and visuals<\/strong>. MochiKanji also provides <strong>basic conversation practice<\/strong> to help you use these phrases in realistic contexts. Their <strong>Golden Time<\/strong> feature optimizes your review timing, making it easier to remember what you\u2019ve learned.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/kanji.mochidemy.com\/en\/learn\/1\"><strong>Learn how to say What in Japanese<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#f3f3f3\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Understanding how to say &#8220;What&#8221; in Japanese and other essential question words gives you a powerful toolset for everyday communication. With practice and attention to cultural nuances, you\u2019ll be able to ask questions confidently and engage more meaningfully with Japanese speakers. Keep practicing, stay curious, and don\u2019t be afraid to ask questions as you continue your journey in mastering Japanese!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learning to ask questions in Japanese is a foundational skill for beginners, especially when trying to navigate everyday situations. Understanding&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":149,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learn-japanese","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to say &#039;What&#039; in Japanese and other question words - Kanji123<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to say &#039;What&#039; in Japanese and other key question words, with clear examples and helpful tips for beginners to ask questions confidently.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kanji123.org\/blog\/how-to-say-what-in-japanese-and-other-question-words\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to say &#039;What&#039; 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